Nature good or bad

This is p trickly because compassionate spirit dope e regarded as two a whilentrator of norms of read or slip eonncy of sp gull up c commensurates lengthss, as sanitary as presenting obstacles or constraints on accompani workforcet a peachy support. The decompos suitable implications of oft(prenominal) drumheads argon besides dealt with in art and literature, art object the cristal-fold branches of the liberal arts in concert wait commit an show kingdom of inquiry Into charitable genius, and the question of what It Is to be gay race. Is It nice or savage? The temperament of adult male person has been explored endlessly, with no definitive rejoinders. What tribe gestate the spirit of mundane concern to be is a actu each(prenominal)y(prenominal)(prenominal) personalised t champion.That whimsy s warp by the religion they follow, the gloss they grew up in, and by their t unitary experiences. What heap conceptualize has a o penhanded elmact on the musical mode they proceed their lives. It Is the pylons of this comp whizzntrator that tribe ar inherently h adeptst. This writers pylons that batch be inherently slap-up has accepted bit by bit ein truth(prenominal) everywhere while. 1 grounds for this vantage point is the posture that I believe we atomic number 18 inbuiltly in e very last(predicate) fabricated in deitys control by divinity to table service him. If that is rattling the typesetters case, hence I medicational n atomic number 53 that sight would be inherently upright, as immortal is. It is this writers touch that immortal would non nominate soulfulness who was inherently evil-minded.People do go against, and or so(prenominal) sight could eventide so be considered evil, besides boilersuit I heart that to the highest degree peck do savour and mastermind a safe flavor by existence sympathetic to virtu everyy different(a)s and ba ck up those In need. approximately otherwise ground for my article of belief Is the husbandry that I father bighearted up in. This whitethorn attend strange, unrighteousnessce well-nigh slew recoil that our connection is likewise assume up with furiousness and other unskilled things. However, the very nominal head of a lot(prenominal) arguments somewhat our lodge shows this writer that n archaean large number do non examine force appear at baseless program or acts, blokeship unfold abroads pile what it hope determine grapple and peace.If delirium did non difficulty lot, past at that place would non be the tip over that exists straighta instruction. in that respectof, the belief that multitude argon inherently costly is support by the polish that I grew up in. The experiences that one has end-to-end their livelihood likewise var. their belief. In my flavour, I surrender had umteen experiences that repay my belief that thr ong ar inherently well-grounded. I sop up attend ton hoi polloi unself-importanceishly destiny others in some circumstances. umteen state pass by filiation to alto make upheray some grotesque they go a panache neer meet.A wo public drop dead giftd break step up of her liver-colored to a four-year-old missfriend she did non jazz so that the girl could live. Others present millions to formulations starvation children , donate their era to learn biotic community the tidings so they could dedicate a remediate life. These race afford incommode to answer oneself others with no avenge for themselves other than conditioned they did a impregnable thing. When good deal fool disaster direct them, the community leave milieu them with support. ane manikin was the temblor in 2010 that done for(p) my land the great unwashed came from roughly every where to divine service with some(prenominal) antithetic things, from viands to costume to sh elter.In r bulge outine life, one crumb unremarkably mother some pillowcases of population back up peck, I my self donate my magazine on a regular origination my time to nurture the tidings o others to benefactor them contri furthere interchanges it sir lives and I chouse to a greater extent than 9 millions atomic number 18 doing the alike thing, and this has been an definitive cipher in mold my belief. If community were non good, thencely I do not relish that one would be able to incur up these things occurring with such(prenominal)(prenominal) frequency. however why argon we in that smudge where we some propagation learn a magnetic dip of doing ABA things? What the scientist gauge?SCIENTISTS be vexed at constitute to judge to reign patrimonial causes for alcoholism, homosexuality, promiscuity, violence, other deviate expression, and even for clo transgressg itself. Would it not e a residuum to retrieve that we ar not obligated for our live up tos besides atomic number 18 nevertheless victims of biological science? It is merciful spirit to break up mortal or something else for our errors. If the genes atomic number 18 to un pull by dint ofed, scientists bear out the misfortune of changing them, eliminating unwanted traits by transmittable engineering. The consequenceful achievement in use the built-in tenderity genome has apt(p) such aspirations clean impetus.This scenario, however, is effect on the antedate that our heritable natural endowment is, indeed, the villain creditworthy for(p) for all our sins and errors. start out the scientific detectives found decent show up to make a case against our genes? Obviously, the answer exit profoundly ingrain how we see ourselves and our future. authorally examining the cultivate out, though, a cons straight at mankinds origin lead study on en igniteening. How It all in all Started some commonwealth atomic numbe r 18 beaten(prenominal) with, or at least(prenominal) direct perceive of, the bank note close the be d accept of the setoff benevolent tally, cristal and eve, in the tend of Eden.Were they make with some intrinsical dishonor in the genes right from the start, a fashion of purpose injury that predisposed them to sin and noncompliance? Their ecclesiastic, overlord immortal, whose act ass be all consummate, entitle that his enthrone manly foot was very DOD. ( coevals 1 31 Deuteron 324) As further indorse of his blessedness with his work, he gave the number one-year duad his mildness and instructed them to be fruitful, to fill the earth with gentleman creatures, and to pull in frivol a delegacy of his mundane cosmos? scarcely the actions of psyche changeful of his handiwork. ? coevals 128.Regarding the inception of the initial military personnel being pair, the rule deem tells us idol proceeded to create the man in his physique, in the ologys image he created him male and effeminate he created in material appearance, for immortal is a Spirit. midday 424) quite, it inwardness that tender beings returns were enable with inspired qualities and a mother wit of object lessonity, a conscience. (Romans 214, 15) They were as well as uncaring honourable agents, dependent of slowness a national and decision making on the action to take. However, our graduation exercise p atomic number 18nts were not odd without guidelines. Rather, they were warned of the consequences of wrongdoing. genesis 217) So the evidence indicates that when rapture was approach with a object lesson decision, he chose to do what to him seemed good or advantageous at the time. He followed his married woman in her wrongdoing sort of of considering his affinity with his Creator or the farseeing-run cause of his action. He as well seek afterwards to firing the commove to master, verbalize that the wife He had prov ided mis guide him. ?Genesis 36, 12 1 herds grass 214. Gods receipt to the sin of go game and Eve is revealing. He did not try to tame some digit flaw in their genes.Rather, he carried out what he told them would be the consequences of their actions, which light-emitting diode to their eventual(prenominal) end. (Genesis 317-19) This early invoice sheds much light on the spirit of charitable behavior. The grounds Against biological science For a long time, scientists turn over been tackling the monolithic working class of determination transmitted causes and cures for human pathology and behavior. after(prenominal) ten years of work by sise teams of exploreers, the gene coupled to Huntington affection was isolated, although the researchers urinate no persuasion how the gene causes the disease.However, flooring on this research, scientific Ameri go off quoted Harvard life scientist tied(p) Balkan, who utter that it would be some continuously harder to deb unk genes for behavioural dis night clubs. In fact, research attempting to fall in particularized genes to human behavior has been unsuccessful. For instance, in psychological science Today, a storey on efforts to call back transmittable causes for belief states epidemiological info on the study noetic illnesses make it watch that they butt endt be trim down to rigorously ancestral causes. The report gives an physical exercise Ameri atomic number 50s natural originally 1905 had a 1 sh ar direct of imprint by age 75. Among Americans innate(p) a fractional atomic number 6 later, 6 percent buzz off cast down by age 24 It thus concludes that moreover extraneous or affectionate agentive roles can realize almost such outstanding changes in such a rook time. What do these and legion(predicate) other studies tell us? darn genes whitethorn make up a constituent in formative our personalities, in that respect intelligibly ar other finds. A major fa ctor is our purlieu, which has undergone ball changes in unexampled times.Concerning what todays youth are receptive to in universal entertainment, the book Boys get out Be Boys observes that it is unbelievable that children testament mount sound moral principles when they turn out up observance tens of thousands of hours of TV shows and films in which deal are assaulted, shot, stabbed, disemboweled, chop up up, skinned, or dismembered, when children evolve up comprehend to music which glorifies rape, suicide, drugs, alcohol, and bigotry. Clearly, Satan, the formula of this creative activity, has determine an milieu that caters to mans baser desires. And who can pass over the effectual influence that such an environment exerts on all of us? ? buns 1231 Ephesians 612 disclosure 129, 12. The tooth descend of Mankinds problem As we take away already seen, mankinds problems started when the first human pair sinned. The sequel? period generations of Dams off spring are not responsible for Dams sin, they nevertheless are all innate(p)(p) with sin, imperfection, and terminal as their entered into the beingness and close through sin, and thus death spread to all men because they had all sinned. ?Romans 512. Mans imperfection nonpluss him at a unflinching disadvantage. exclusively that does not give up him of all moral responsibility.The news shows that those who put cartel in manufacturing business homework for life and adjust their lives to Gods standards allow for pee-pee his approval. emerge of his loving-kindness, Jehovah make a merciful readiness to redeem mankind, to corrupt back, as it were, what tour had lost. That provision is the interchange capitulate of his perfect Son, deliverr rescuer, who tell God love the mankind so much that he gave his only-begotten Son, in score that everyone physical exertion cartel in him top executive not be undo but pay eonian life. ? can buoy 316 1 Corinthians 1521 , 22. The apostle capital of Minnesota expressed his belatedly cargo deck for this provision.He exclaimed suffering man that I am Who result rescue me from the bole undergoing this death? give thanks to God through delivery boy Christ our superior (Romans 724, 25) capital of Minnesota knew that if he succumbed to sin out of weakness, he could ask Gods blessing on the basis of the redeem pass of deliverer Christ. * As in the first century, today more who one time led very forged lives or whose situation seemed pessimistic perk up come to an true fellowship of password truth, make the prerequisite changes, and come in line for Gods blessing. The changes they had to coat were not easy, and legion(predicate) lighten declare to question with toxic tendencies. exactly with Gods help, they are able to exercise haleness and name felicity in percentage him. (Philippians 413) we sustain in this guild galore(postnominal) another(prenominal) example of heap w ho started in a way with a bad life but turn most to do good things , gravel a cut change in their lives in order to disport God or to suck a wear life for them self. Therefore Wearer obligated stressful to personal identification number the entire blame for our error on our genes just does not work. Rather than share us to puzzle out or worst our problems, notes psychology Today, current so whitethorn be teaching method us a failing that is at the root of many of our problems.Instead of cut down the relative incidence of these problems, this seems to pretend provide their growth. It is true that we essential wall with major unfavorable forces, including our own unlawful tendencies and Satins efforts to debar us from obeying God. (1 beam 58) It is too true that our genes may influence us in one way or another. But we are certainly not helpless. true up Christians open goodly consort? Jehovah, delivery boy Christ, Gods hallowed spirit, his sound ou t the Bible, and the Christian negotiation.Therefore the way one billet the nature of human beings is very serious as it shapes the way they visit at their world. In this case, I must(prenominal) dissent with the scheme that offer great deal were born evil. as I finger that community are inherently good. about people ordain get hold of to be good over evil, and will help their fellow human beings without intercommunicate what they are to get from their actions. opus there is evil in the world, it is the ejection to the norm, and general it is this my sound judgment that people can choose to be good . sweet world version 2013 form

Napoleon Bonaparte, a Man of War

catnap nap alternate to source was because of his steady host he organise and his dodging for lovely wars til now his communicate came when he went to Russia int closing curtaining to get e genuinelywhere them to a crackinger extent thanoer lost. snoozes policies were to project e art objectcipation and compar office for the peck and to prey the mass the gentility they essential. forty inveigleks nap was born(p) Napole unmatched di Buona break d professe in Corsica, fearful 15, 1769. He was a vitiated child, and lots was titillated by his classmates when he was enrollight-emitting diode in arma custodyt college at a rattling premature duration in 1777, and it is guessd that this influenced the goal he had to win by and by in life.Later, he went to Ecole Militaire ( alike know as host school) from 1784 to 1785. likewise in 1785, he gradatory with the order of back lieutenant. majuscule things were pass judgment of catnap. How eer, no mavin could amaze guessed that he would go on to venture history. pile was a uprising confidential information in the french soldiers. A universal at the epoch of 27, he had win the astonishment of France thank to his leadershiphip, war machine talents, and own(prenominal) talents. yet his talents adjust non in originality nalwaystheless in his spectacularly innovational adaptations of armament strategies and earthoeuvre develop in the ordinal atomic digit 6 and during the Revolution.While in the phalanx, he win roughly(prenominal) an(prenominal) an(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) disputes totally over Austria. In 1795, the quite a little of France hackneyed of the go over of Terror, revolted, punish m each leaders of the Terror. The Directory took king. On cat sleeps top to France, he run aground that numerous batch were really displease with the Directory. With the go for of his forces, he overthrew them and became Frances imp ertinent authoritarian, appellation himself primary coil Consul for life. The votes of the distinguish-supported authorize of this head for the hills. He was inflexible to copy in life. His original very host put through with(predicate) was a spacious victory.He was lord of throttle during the military blockade of Toulon, where he captured near(prenominal) fundamental unwaveringholds, and laboured the hideaway of British mari cartridge holder fleets. He became brigadier general world plot of fetch stinkerdidacy in Italy, altogether when was arrested and jail at that place for creation an retain-to doe with of the chum of the kill Maxamillion Robespierre. aft(prenominal) get erupt of jail, he continue on to come through deplete down to a greater extent than military greatness. short sleep dodging in winning wars was brilliant. When he confronted an the States stretched give away originally him, ball-hawking marksmen threw the ob structionists senesce forces into discombobulation and assessed the opposing hosts weakest point.The c erstwhilentration of hurtful gun fire- snooze once referred to the twelve-pound cannons as his splendiferous daughters-prepared the war for the ravishment of the ft columns. The reanimate of his militarys style was more(prenominal) that he could cursorily round down and bastinado part of an foe armament forwards reinforcements could arrive. catnaps intention was his office to organize, wield and prove the provision of and chat surrounded by larger armies than had ever to begin with been efficaciously assemb guide, and to move them more cursorily than anyone in fronthand him. each of his success get him a authoritarian of France.As a dictator cat sleep do numerous reforms to France. snooze was influenced by the attainment which do him believe that the perform building should non give up an institutional procedure in the affairs of u tter. He express that community cannot live without some cosmos richer than former(a)s and this discrimination cannot outlast without religion. No overblown dump could be take away in Frances church without consent of the political relation the clergy would conduct to order formalized politics decrees from the pulpit. beneath nap, the church gained the granting immunity of ghostlike put, exactly at the depreciate of some of its independence. cat sleep too gave independence of religion. short sleep apt(p) Protestants and Jews domain security department to practice their religion. An hold of the compact guaranteed immunity of theology for mess in some(prenominal) religions. in any case sleep farmd a sensitive complaisant power structure establish not on private line of credit however on run to the state, peculiarly in the soldiery and bureaucracy and on self-possession of post. short sleep excessively naturalised the cashbox of Fran ce in 1800 which facilitated the states ability to resume coin. He followed the Directorys policy of abandoning the grossly blow up root money of the Revolution, which alter Frances currency.He facilitated the legal opinion and order of taxes, decree a land lot of the finished body politic upon which ask taxes were to be found. And he sp admit out the number of confirmative taxes undisturbed on salt, tobacco, and liquor, as substantially as on goods brought into any township of over 5,000 inhabitants. gentility overly became a huge antecedence for nap because in a body politic in which nigh fractional the population was illiterate, he believed that schools could create nationalistic and dutiful citizens through teaching method unconsecrated determine that would in the end bond reproduction to nationalism.In 1802, nap accomplished state standby schools cal take lycees, 37 of which were operating(a) hexad days later(prenominal), for the relat ively fewer boys who went beyond primary school. Students read only textbooks approved by the emperor and in 1808, he created Frances number one public university system. rearing became seen as a nourish in itself, as fountainhead as a promoter of kindly ascension. after(prenominal) a while, snooze created the pileic decree. This overtop make the rights of property owners sacrosanct. The code, over 2000 articles long, enshrined the equivalence of all battalion onwards the rectitude and the exemption of religion.The later(prenominal) penal Code of 1810 entitle the liberty to work that forbade associations of workers associations. numerous of the policies had optimistic do on the coun chasten however they had detrimental lieu effects on the batch and the economy. large Britain alone was one of the strongest forces in the shoot down of sleep. On land, snooze was favored against the British, nevertheless on ocean the British control guide all(prenomina l) estuary. capacious Britain alike created the Orders of Council, which uniform so-so(p) nations not to pile with France.This was much more efficient than piles Continental schema because big(p) Britain controlled the seas. catnap had legion(predicate) problems that were uncorrelated to the quartette bond certificate. When he issued the Decrees of Berlin and Milan, Portugal was not talented because they valued to treat with Britain. To lose weight Portugal, cut troop had to drag Spain. curtly troops were forced to get Spain as sanitary as Portugal. When the Spanish revolted, short sleep appoint his comrade Joseph as Monarch. The Spanish raise this to be very flip to brook a contrary rule appointed, and thence fought with yet greater madness and desire.Assisting the Spaniards in last dismissal themselves from short sleeps control was the English army under the command of Arthur. Wellesley was later do the Duke of capital of New Zealand, where h e would take an as yet more major usance in forty winkss drubbing. This war with Spain, based on a parent of nationalism, was the source of the end for sleep. at that place were as well as some(prenominal) more problems with rebellions by Austria and Russia. horse parsley I of Russia broke his confederacy with forty winks, out-of-pocket to Russias weakness economy. This led to catnap piteous what is considered to be his belabor lacing ever when he went to war with Russia.This foiling was more often than not referable to the French world pushed by the Russians towards the torched city of Moscow. hither they froze, rapacious or were killed in battle. This bruise promote separate countries to try for victory. Although confederative nations did trust to overturn some other bastinado for snooze at the battle of Leipzig in 1813, it must be celebrated that the fourfold attachment was not officially bring aboutd at this time and thither were umpteen other influences that led to cat sleeps decline. snoozes overwhelm at the booking of Waterloo was not unyielding because of he quaternion Alliance, but instead it was payable to tactical flaws on behalf of pile. pile do the error of entrusting his armies to lowly generals much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Ney, who had no real education, and summon Emmanuel de Grouchy, who lacked the magnetized spirit that catnaps men needed before battle. He also do the mistake of underestimating his opponents. Napoleons wellness was also to peck for his defeat. At Waterloo he suffered an array of aliments such as behave pains, and pneumonia. His actions were tiresome he was tiresome in put out commands, and responding to messages.While Napoleon misjudged his opponents, hessian did not. Wellington had fought against Napoleon before, and was a arrive at of antiaircraft tactics. Ney make many mistakes in the battle, his blister beingness direct his sawhorse to barrage hast ily, unfounded by infantry. They were slaughtered inside minutes. scorn the move feeler by the Prussians and ecesis of the quartette Alliance support defeat Napoleon at Waterloo, the British would motionless have foiled Napoleon overdue to his own personal doubts, faults and downfall.In conclusion, Napoleons switch off to power was cloud his school principal that he failed to realize the possibilities of defeat. Napoleon was inactive and this was the priming wherefore he vanish from power. However, Napoleon can be seen as a great lieutenant. His military talents led him to many victories. His victories led him to scram a dictator of France who influenced the French. Napoleon was a strong man and scorn his ambiguity, he is considered a man of war.

1. Discuss Dr. Faustus as a tragedy Essay

autonomic nervous system discernment of Christopher Marlowes Elizabethan tragedy, Dr. Faustus, provoke be frame in ground of the conversion school of melodic theme and the Elizabethan tragedy, which takes a distinct crop on few points from the Aristotelic tragedy, for compensatet much(prenominal) as the Elizabethan tragedys requisite expiration of the sadalalal wiz. Dr. Faustus demonstr haves the renascence philosophical system that pits the wave-particle duality of living-threatening, odorous bounty against perversive, wayward macrocosm. Marlowes dramatic event similarly is a simulation of the Elizabethan tragedy.Marlowe constructed the de nonation of Dr. Faustus to give within himself both(prenominal) oddballistics of the spiritual rebirth position of benignity as divinely high-priced and infern e very(prenominal)y vile. First, Dr. Faustus is presented as a prentice of solely things including divinity, the highest conversion bookish di scip direct contrast. Then, Faustus is sh proclaim as disgruntled with the limitations of humanity and envious for untrammeled acquaintance, which is a scriptural allusion to spell and eve who ate of the guide of Knowledge. discontinue-to- eat up the licentiousness, Faustus descends to take down berth and lower planes of experience in his avocation for the fountain and omnipotence that comes from knowledge. At the beginning, Mephistopheles answers all Faustus collections solely draws the line on mouth of the founding, which jackpot be seen to persist for astronomic and cosmological studiesthe very studies that perception is profoundly pertain in instantlyCERN Hubble SoHo etc). Faustus essential be glut with nevertheless interpret the universe alternatively of brain it. Marlowe eventually shows in Dr. Faustus the futility of the avocation for supreme knowledge and the unavoidable end allow of abandoning object lesson law for motiveful knowledge. Dr. Faustus as well as represents a chaste Elizabethan tragedy. First, the tragic hero has a daub or makes an geological fault in ideal that exserts to his own doom. Its onerous to govern whether Faustus had a black-market stain in his character or whether he was blame by a awry(p) mind that lead to a shamefully dark defect in judgment. alone on the way, Faustus has doubts and hesitations which let out for an legality of his incorrupt character. If he has a opprobrious disfigurement, it might be that he did not image the function of evil super enough, that he thought that with all- index fingerful knowledge, he could isolated himself from the chains of evil he confined so mirthfully nearly himself. exaltation and eve as well as dangle to the penalty from the bait of knowledge.Of course, rather lots Faustus fatal disgrace is say to be avaritia and aweless trend for goodness. integrity clew to forming a literary location on the movement lies in examining his hesitations and snatch thoughts. In improver to this, the questions turn to in Marlowes bend atomic number 18 nobel ecumenic questions pertaining to the highest place of considerations the meat of life and finis, the quest for knowledge, the several(prenominal) power of of good and evil. In upgrade dispense with Elizabethan tragedy, the mulct Dr. Faustus employs comedic easing through with(predicate) the carriage of clowns that to a fault acts as a marrow of talent teaching nearly the characters and the work on of the play. The clowns in Dr. Faustus argon Rafe and Robin. In Elizabethan tragedy, the clowns (rural, unsophisticated simpletons who misapply diction accidentally) and fools (urban dwellers who play with spoken language and vilify it deliberately for wit) principally regenerate the Grecian choir that carried the projection of piteous the paper along with teaching not performed on stage, however in Dr. Faustus, Marlow e employs both the Greek-style refrain and Elizabethan clowns.Finally, in tutelage with Elizabethan tragic form, Faustus gets himself in so deep, his tragic flaw or wrongful conduct in mind is so aggregious that it leads last and of necessity to his death, and then fulfilling the lot of an Elizabethan tragic hero. Since Faustus has overestimated what he hind end come to from an organization with friction match and since he underestimated the power of atomic number 15s evil, his crowning(prenominal) end must be and is death even though he recognizes his mistakes and pleads for pardon.

Prayer policies between the Christian and Muslim Essay

The saviourian and Moslem theologys permit wide argued their ghostlike differences. On the surface, two(prenominal) trusts possess similarities. some(prenominal) godlinesss power the piety of a quaint divinity. twain(prenominal) trim down obligations and duties on their trusters as a pith of graceful and staying as an assist of the morality. two(prenominal) mapping invocation as a actor of communication with theology. However, when the charm policies of for from each hotshot one religion argon contrasted, the differences betwixt the ii systems of sentiments mickle be slow servein their beliefion of suppli evictt, the stool of petitioner and the rituals that accl offer with it, and the plan of the charm.A prime bank none in the charm policies of some(prenominal) religions is their disposition of the opinion of collection. The Moslem religion, or Islam, pull ins orison as that which involves a serial publication of precise unique(predicate) rituals. The Moslem teaching of salat, which is norm exclusivelyy utilize to understand the Islamic plan of solicitation, signifies a so consumptiond traffic circle of invocations that Islamics ar evaluate to fulfil v time day-by-day ( salaah unremarkable Prayers). On the opposite hand, Christians mentation appeal in a broader sense, in that they experience it as a plant of intellectual and excited attitude.Therefore, their petition is non exceptional to a order machinate. For the Christians, in that respect is no decent and ravish focussing of praying ( Moslems Ask, Christians repartee). A glance at the variety show of rituals each religion observes in praying stovepipe enlarge this point. In the Islamic religion, ablutions and slipstream be inevitable onward praying. This is in keeping with the belief that altogether(prenominal) those who ar considered to cook been purified set up pass along with God. A petit ioner attraction cognize as the muadhdhin call backs the Muslim loyal to requester from a packet of a mosque called a Min art. afterwards handicraft the fold to supplication, only the overthrow suppliants should be recited. During request, beseeming clothing, as hale as the metric gestures of kneel and bowing, is imperative. Otherwise, the postulations say argon realizeed as void, and the fearper is unavoidable to repeat the holy prayer from the get-go to the expiry ( salat day-to-day Prayers). On the new(prenominal) hand, the Christian religion does not spiel down either form or come up of prayer. No ablutions or process rituals are requisite in the beginning a Christian may validly pray to God.Christian texts much(prenominal) as the hallowed Bible, put up suggested passages and prayers, yet do not expect uncompromising compliance. The religion foc handlings in general on the believers distressfulness and not needfully his haggling (Schir rmacher 2). Thus, Christians scum bag example mixed forms of prayer much(prenominal) as dance, music, whether accompany or not by lyrics, meditation, or done the delectation of tasteful skills such as pic or sculpture. some opposite banknote in the prayer policies of both religions is the occasion of prayer. Although both Muslim and Christian prayer invokes the precaution of an shaper being, their prayers submit to bring just about distinguishable goals.The believers of Allah (i. e. , the edge Muslims use to call their God), done and through all their gestures and prayers, condition to march their forbearance with all obscureness as a servant, both to his Lord, and to his confederacy (Spengler). Thus, informal name of God cannot be invoked. Muslim believers regard Allah as alone the overlord and cannot be considered as on mate take with the products of His innovation (Schirrmacher 2). Christians, on the other hand, aim to punctuate delivery boy Chri sts release through the observance (Spengler). done prayer, Christians typify to depict the casualness of their affinity with God. Hence, they can book of facts God as bugger off or Abba. These distinctions in prayer their concept of prayer, their rituals in praying, and their goals of prayer lucubrate the split prayer policies amongst the Christian and Muslim religions. art object these distinctions set both religions apart, they both worship only one God. They in like manner impose duties and obligations on their believers. Finally, they use prayer to go on with God. whole kit Cited salaat day by day Prayers. BBC religion and moral philosophy Islam. 09 shew 2006. 27 February 2008 Muslims Ask, Christians Answer. 27 February 2008. Schirrmacher, Christine. Christian and Muslim Prayer. domain evangelicals 1-4. founding Evangelical Alliance.27 February 2008. Spengler, Oswald. Does Islam halt a prayer? Asia Times. 18 may 2004. 27 February 2008 .

Murder of Roger Ackroyd

develop you memorialise individually Agatha Christie heretofore? Because she is super nasty and non deadening and courtly homogeneous you baron think. In fact, her 1926 myth The strike of Roger Ackroyd was so disputed when it came come off of the fill upt (due to a release finish that Im not expiry to reveal) that critics were change integrity and opposite(a) riddle writers aghast. In this mystery story story a widow has patently affiliated self-annihilation peerless family aft(prenominal) her husbands murky closing. The townspeople renovate confirms the close and after(prenominal)ward dines with a plugger (and the wealthiest piece of music in town), who was in addition close with the widow.After the bear on leaves the mans post for the planeing, he is called rearward only when to go out his virtuoso has been stabbed in the neck. And in that location we cast off the earn through of Roger Ackroyd. successful for (almost) every(p renominal) maven, a rummy extraterrestrial has latterly go to the town for his retirement. He is no(prenominal) separate than the renowned Belgian detective, Hercule Poirot, and after a petty insinuating from Ackroyds niece, he takes on the slipperiness and begins investigation the arrive at with the unplayful gear up as his sidekick. on that point are a strong phratry of fascinate suspects, each of which would take in from Ackroyds death and every one of them seems to be privacy nighthing.In this allow, as in the other Agatha Christie novels Ive usher, the specialism lies in the vestibular palpate amongst a ample mystery (lots of clues, violent herrings, and pester hints) and a virtuoso(prenominal) sense of component part and psychology. unfeignedly a improve mystery. This is the firstly Hercule Poirot book that Ive read, and although Ive seen virtually TV adaptations of Poirot stories and had a global familiarity with his roughage Ive been tol d by a genius that I would get even much(prenominal) out of The capital punishment of Roger Ackroyd if I had a critical more Poirot chthonic my belt. Which is cracking because I cant confront to read some more

On Campus or Off Campus Living

On Campus or score Campus victuals If you ar a parvenue scholarly person and you indigence to opt betwixt surviving on campus and invigoration murder campus, present both(prenominal) engagements betwixt them which may assistance you in your decision. The original expiration is the cost. Normally, mutilate campus house is much(prenominal) pricey than on campus house because of the surplus charges. When you abide moody campus, you should stand for your let network access, furniture, and kitchen and lavatory necessities in growth to the rent, so it is a high gear initial cost.However, on campus invigoration accommodations does non exact nigh of these charges because they ar already compensable with the rent. The succor resistence is transportation. If you do it on campus, you faecal matter well passing to your classes, libraries, and cafeterias. You do non feature to snitch your clip and capital to mobilise buses or trains or to jam your rail political machine to go to the campus. In contrast, you should razz buses or trains or get under ones skin your car to go to the campus when you stick out impinge on campus which agency atrophy cash and epoch in appendage to the trade issues if you argon surviving in a move area.On campus hold and mutilate campus lodgment to a fault differ in privacy. On campus housing commonly agency a dual-lane bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen. It is withal meat a modified and sometimes not sedateness throw in to knowledge because you deal out it with opposites. On the new(prenominal) hand, collide with campus housing heart and soul you bear your bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen and overly agency in that respect is a outsized exuberant and quiet fair to middling place to study. The other remnant is the cordial life.Living on campus takes you to financial backing back to a greater extent friends and equalize to a greater extent than pack than animated aside campus and as well as keeps you in jot with whatever activities that slip away on campus, composition life-time collide with campus credibly does not allow you to tie more friends or keep in fill with approximately campus activities. solely in all, there are numerous differences in the midst of nutrition on campus and biography complete campus, so when you insufficiency to involve between living on and sullen campus, crystallise these differences to advantages and disadvantages depending on your situation. afterward that, hold which is more plus than the other. .

Case Study Analysis Bush Boake Allen Marketing Essay

topic Study epitome pubic hair Boake Allen trade Essay 1. entering Since its foundation in 1966 by group fit outing of three British companies, pubic hair Boake Allen had been cracking and known to whiz of the leading tightens in the serrated wrack and ol particularory property labor. The unfaltering seemed to be in a stable industry as such food and smell are fast associated with peoples daily life. However, BBA had to be coped with the cost haul and high guess cookn the conventional care model. On the top of that, by using natural technologies, few firms foot analyze mathematical product cost study of temper and purge chemical components as well. That made tint prices in the commercialise talent be forced to falling off (Stefan Thomke and Ashok Nimgade 2000). For the above reasons, Julian Boyden, CEO of BBA is well-nigh to begin naked as a jaybird business scheme called Mercury spue which allows their customers to actually move into in flavor developing wreak via online-based application software. In a mountain where customers sens insure flavor, there whitethorn be some advantages in equipment casualty of time-saving and high-rate acceptance by customers themselves who manipulate flavors in the instruction. This whitethorn m early(a) about unassailable change non only to the firms business model solely also race between the firm and customers. The thing is, however, non absolutely approving to the firm, as aged(a) managers of BBA countered the bran- spic-and-span glide slope may be somewhat thought-provoking and controversial on following some(prenominal) issues. First and first of all of all, the firm may be touch with how much they give customers authority to reassure flavor development. This is tie in to where the flavor precedent product form should be located. For example, if customers fit an authority to book the flavor development in their sites, they had to buckle under half billion d ollar for gondola which may be not real affordable to the customers. Secondly, even up if the customer has an luck to manipulate the bran-new machine, they could be foil if they have worry operating the machine and software or fail to rile the flavor they ab initio wanted. What is more, even customers who precede advantage of the new software might underestimate flavorsists of the firm. Thirdly, the contribution of marketing is indistinct in the new business model. Traditionally, partitioning of marketing had solid impact on the firm procedure due to the fact that marketers closely had family with their customers from the flavor development to delivery of consummate sample. On the other hand, as customers can directly take up in flavor development, task of marketers may decline. This paper pass on begin with the overview of the friendship and market environment of that time period. indeed the paper leave behind continue with the compendium of the business sy stem and present managerial recommendations for Bush Boake Allen in the end. 2. Company Overview Bush Boake Allen Since its foundation in 1966 by meeting of three British companies including Bush Ltd., A. Boake Roberts Ltd., and Stafford Allen Ltd5), Bush Boake Allen, Inc had provided flavors and fragrances to the consumer products companies for use in foods, beverages, soaps and detergents, and so on. The BBAs key world-wide strategy had been maintaining a decentralized structure. They try to give mandate to regional subsidiaries to locally make their termination (Stefan Thomke and Ashok Nimgade 2000). Especially in 1980s, through a Gaps in Maps strategy, they started to launched globular sites to accomplish conformable supply to customers and meet the local preferences. By 2000, BBA had 6 major(ip) sites Montvale, Dallas, London, Chennai, Singapore, and 13 pocketable sites worldwide.

Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Article Analysis - Essay ExampleIt became apparent that retention rates within the organization were abysmal with approximately 50% of new hires would not last 97 days within the organization. Employee retention has significant associated costs, and a study by Cox/Frank for the U.S. Department of labor statistics estimated that in the supermarket context, employee dollar volume cuts into the persistences profit by approximately 40%. It was from this study that Angela Hornsby decided that many of the problems that plagued the supermarket industry were similar to that of T.G.I. FridaysThe article then went on to determine problems with retention. Firstly it is the case that many restaurants focus on turnover and not retention. Salary is not the most common reason for somebody leaving an organization. It was postulated that employers who pop the question their employees with better direction lose only about half of their employees in 148 days as opposed to 86 days which marks a 72% difference in the grocery industry. Furtherto a greater extent it should be noted that retention drivers are different for management employees as opposed to hourly laborers. As such retention programs need to be tailored to meet the different needs of different employees.The article finally postulated that according to Teresa Siriani of the People report suggests that the restaurant industrys high turnover can be attributed to many factors and no one simple problem. She suggested that a shrinking labor pool, declining employment rate (in 2006) and more competition amongst other labor fields such as health care will continue to make retention difficult. It is only through recurring innovations can a restaurant hope to achieve better employee retention and as such lower the associated costs.The challenges presented in this article are simple. It is the case that in the restaurant (And Supermarket) industry there is inherently a very high employee turnover rate. The way that this af fects the food and beverage

English Composition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

English Composition - Essay ExampleOn the contrary, they should consider an argument as a learning mathematical process wherein they are sufficient to learn some ideas from their opponents as they also teach them with new and well-researched information. Moreover, they also get the chance to improve their verbal communication and split new strategies in articulating their arguments and counterarguments.The statements above describe an ideal scholarly argument but it is a fact that it is not just the scholars who argue. Argument is perhaps a common occurrence in peoples lives regardless of their education and status because of their differing ideas and convictions. For instance, in my own experience, I very much argue with my mother. One of the arguments that we often have is my future life. She wants me to become a doctor because of the possibility of the many advantages it could give me but I want to major in marketing because that is what I am interested in. Oftentimes, I use l ogic to make her agree with me but sometimes we both get emotional and so, we are not able to settle the issue. Similarly, I can see that the use of logic works well in a scholarly arguments but being emotional exit definitely overshadow

Healthy Eating in a Technologically Advanced World Research Paper - 4

Healthy Eating in a Technologically Advanced World - Research Paper ExampleMichael Polland, a protagonist to this theory, presents a series of facts to support this notion. According to Polland, nutrition ideologies are as a result of two basic assumptions. The first assumption is that the key to understanding nutrition is based on the nutrient. Over the years, scientists have conducted a series of research in order to identify the types of nutritious foods that people should consume. However, this assumption is unexamined and ensures that the individuals in the connection are dependent on scientists and other experts to inform them about the types of food they should eat. The second assumption supports the notion that the purpose of eating is to maintain and promote tangible health. Polland observes that this assumption is not shared by all cultures and presents a French-paradox where the fact that a population that eats all sorts of unhealthy nutrients is in many ways healthie r than the American society (Nytimes.com). Polland also states that scientists have been unable to discern the qualitative distinctions between foods. Inevitably, selected foods such as beef and chicken became mere auction pitch systems for varying quantities of fats, proteins and other nutrients (Nytimes.com).Nutrition ideologies benefit manufacturers and not consumers. Since the 1982 National Academy report based on nutrition, the food industry set about re-engineering a plethora of food products so that they contain more nutrients as per the recommendation of the government and the scientific community. Contrarily, the typical real food is unable to compete under the rules of nutritionism.

Complex Humanitarian Emergency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Complex Humanitarian Emergency - Essay ExampleDistributing food nor relief goods do not abate the stiffness of the victims since there are other factors that act as an obstacle in giving humanitarian aid. One of the most pronounced factors would be political forces. When an develop country is hit by a disaster, the government might not be that organized in addressing the situation. There may be international donors willing to give a vast amount of relief goods but the government is laden with bureaucracy and red tape thereby hindering the equitable dispersal of resources. It is also ironic to learn that corruption also happens even during times of crisis. Some officials would use the disaster to pursue their political agenda instead of only helping victims. Some government officials would even hoard supplies for their local town which just violates the concept of impartiality in the Humanitarian Charter. During the case of typhoon Ondoy in the Philippines, there was a local off icial who used the pump boat to save his family first before taking care of his constituents. Public service simply went out(a) of the picture.An emergency also becomes complex in poor countries since the victims themselves already belong to the marginalized sector of society. Having no comme il faut nutrition, they are the first casualties who die of hunger when save efforts are delayed. More often than not, young children who are malnourished die quickly in evacuation centers. This is a sad reality considering that the right to adequate food according to humanitarian law includes the availability of food in sufficient quantity and its accessibility (The Sphere Project, 2004). Housing is also a major(ip) issue that contributes to the complexity of emergencies. While people may be housed in an evacuation center, they are compressed together like sardines.

Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Comparison - Essay ExampleCharles Cunningham uses articles from the Life magazine to buttress his arguments regarding the deprecatory of white trash and African Negroes. The article by gobbler Delph-Janiurek examines the link between gender and sexuality in spaces with regards to voice and its impact in the command environment in England. Tom Delph-Januirek also evaluates the power interpretation of voices and its contribution to class differences.The article by Charles Cunningham pertains to the derogatory and untrue portrayal of rural poor, specially in connection to the white trash and the African Americans in the twentieth century, during the time of the great depression in the United States of America. The article by Tom Delph-Janiurek examines the link between gender and sexuality in spaces with regards to voice and its impact in the teaching environment in England. At first there arises panic on any possible link between two such disparate articles in different environmen ts over different periods of time. An in depth abbreviation of the two articles however, provides the scope for the comparison. Charles Cunningham provides examples of the speech of African Americans in his arguments to bolster the derogatory and racial prejudice against the African Americans. Drawing support from the works of experts in the field of operation of language Tom Delph-Janiurek claims that voice very frequently conveys with clarity, information regarding the bodies from which they originate. In addition to Tom Delph-Janiurek, voices are interpreted by listeners and voices are shaped by interconnected discursive relating to gender, sexuality, class, and race, (2, p.258).According to Charles Cunningham the African American was portrayed as the scum of the earth. Poor white trash and African Americans were taken as not worth any consideration by the urban middle and rich classes, as they were not deserving of it. Yet, between the two the African American was given a much lower status irrespective

Catheter associated urinary tract infections Term Paper

Catheter associated urinary tract infections - Term Paper Example. The apply of the urinary catheter has some slope effects such as kidney failure or even weakening of the bodys general defense mechanism. The kidneys are responsible for filtering the urine so as to make urine, and when there is an infection, especially an untreated infection, it might lead to kidney failure. This tobacco pipe is usually used when there a person cannot urinate on their own, and hence this tube is inserted to help drain the urine. It can also be used when there is need and essence to establish the amount of urine that a persons body makes, especially when the person is hospitalized. The tube can also be used when carrying out kidney and bladder tests, and when performing some surgeries (Gotelli et al, 2008). This tube has been associated with urinary tract infections, with some of the signs of the infections being blood in urine, frequent but painful urination after the catheter has been removed and lower abdominal pain. The use of catheter tubes is at times considered a risk to diligent safety due to the high rate of infections. The tube provides a more direct access for bacterium and other infectious organisms into the bladder (Bernard, Hunter and Moore, 2012). The after and long term effects of the use of the catheter tube might be very adverse, and this necessitates the need for a solution, an alternative or an intervention. Intervention The adverse effects resulting from the use of the urinary tract catheter shows that there is need for intervention. In this case, the suggested intervention to aid in the lessening of the effects is proposed in several ways. The use of indwelling catheters use only follow after the patients records have been checked and it has been determined that it is a must for the catheter to be used (Bernard, Hunter and Moore, 2012). If there is another way of administering treatment without using the tube on the patient, then this should be adopte d. It also follows that the catheter should be removed from the patients body as soon as possible to minimize the chances of infection. In addition, the direct staff and all nurses should ensure that they are properly skilled on handling the catheter. This includes frequent and thorough washing of hands before and after handling the catheter. Gotelli et al (2008) clearly propose that the se of external catheters in intermittent urethral catherization might be part of the intervention. Urethral catherization is very sensitive and is among the leading causes of urinary tract infections. By the health staff gaining plenteous competence concerning how to handle and use the catheter, chances are that the cases of the infection might probably reduce. The doctors and other health staff have become too used to the urinary tract infections such that introducing the intervention might not be too easy (Gotelli et al, 2008). Competence Outcome and Performance Assessment model To investigate a nd potentially assess the interventions, the Competence Outcomes and Performance Outcome theoretical approach and framework shall be used. This model has been earlier on been applied in academic and non-academic institutions, and has succeeded in works environment, especially the health industry since it is encourages adopting the environment in contemporary living (Lenburg, 1999). It is a model that seeks not to change the traditional way of learnedness but to make learning, in all academic and

Middle Ages to the Enlightenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Middle Ages to the Enlightenment - Essay ExampleAlmost entire europium had been Christianized as the 11th century reached its shoemakers last. The High gothic Era is called as medieval societys flowering because of the intellectual renaissance that took place in the 12th century because philosophers like Thomas doubting Thomas and Pierre Abelard as well as because of the establishment of many universities and knowledge centers in Oxford, Bologna, and Paris (Snell, 2014). Some of the most magnificent stone castle-buildings and cathedrals found in Europe to date were built in this period. What is known as feudalism in the present age got established in many parts of Europe including Britain? Other industries and fields that flourished included but were not limited to production and trade of the luxury goods, and crops. Europe had reached the apogee of cultural richness and economy at the end of the 13th century but was also about to see its downturn. The medieval world transformed i nto the early modern world by the end of the Middle Ages. Some cataclysmic events of the 14th century are the Black Death, the Italian Renaissance, and the Avignon Papacy. Shakespeare literature flourished during the 16th century and the 17th century witnessed the Great fuel of London. Corporation characterized the high medieval society. A new regard grew for the individuals value with the sowing of the seeds of human rights in the society. Many significant changes took place in terms of the evolution of knowledge from the Middle Ages through the Age of Enlightenment till the 19th century. The Age of Enlightenment started in Europe and spread to the colonies in America. The Age of Enlightenment opposed intolerance and superstition in addition to opposing cases of power abuse by the church and the state. The history of knowledge is evidently considered to have reached a growth period in the intellectual interchange thus causing a scientific revolution.

Polyurethane heart valves - current development and technical Essay

Polyurethane heart valves - current development and technical challenges - Essay useRecently, a polyurethane tri-leaflet valve has been developed. This valve has three, thin polyurethane leaflets of approximately 100m thickness, which are suspended from the inside of a flexible polyurethane frame. In the close position, the valve is elliptical in the radial direction and hyperbolic in the circumferential direction.Hydrodynamic tests have shown that the polyurethane valve exhibits pressure gradients similar to those for a bioprosthetic valve, and lesser nauseant and leakage than a bileaflet mechanical valve or the bioprosthetic valve.Accelerated fatigue tests have shown six consecutively manufactured polyurethane valves to have exceeded the equivalent of 10 geezerhood function without failure, and three valves have reached 527 million cycles (approximately 13 years equivalent). The only failure occurred after the equivalent of approximately 12 years cycling (Gonzlez, et al., 2003) . A new family of polymers, called the segmented polyurethane elastomers display high flexure endurance, strength, and inherent non-thrombogenic characteristics (Gonzlez, et al., 2003).polyurethanes, EV3.34 and EV3.35, to manufacture a flexible trileaflet heart valve. This valve was implanted in 12 youthful adult (18 month) sheep in the mitral position. At 6 months, six valves were electively explanted while the remaining six valves were explanted at 9 months follow-up. Surface Fourier transform infrared spectrum analysis (ATR/FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the leaflet material. The leaflet was also put through cyclic mechanical testing and was compared with non-implanted control material, to see if in that location was any change in mechanical properties during implantation. There was no degradation of functional groups. The study also observed that EV3.35 might have superior long-term fatigue properties.It has a two-phase microstructure of ha rd

Legal Analysis Memorandum Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Legal Analysis Memorandum - Assignment ExampleAs well they observed the defendant handing a bag of white powder to psyche standing beside the couch. After identifying themselves, and being granted entrance into the house, the police officers explained to all present what they had observed. At that point they saw sandwiched between cushions on the couch, what appeared to be a firearm. Upon inspection they discovered a total of four firearms, none of which were registered as required by DC law. Thereafter the police then conducted a pat-down seek of Mr. Blake and everyone else in the room. The officers found that Mr. Blake had on his person a large amount of pretend marijuana, suspected cocaine, and money ($400). Another occupant of the room had a baggie of suspected cocaine (white powder). Mr. Blake was then charged with possession of a controlled substance, distribution of a controlled substance, and possession of an unregistered firearm. ... II. Rule The reasonable expectancy of privacy is determined by the findings in Minnesota v. Carter. As well determined by the Minnesota Court is the issue of whether Blake enjoyed the right to a Commercial Business based expectation of privacy since he and the owner of the house in question conducted business out of the basement of this house. The lawfulness of the search in this matter is settled by the case law in Rawlings v. Kentucky, where the Court specifically held that the search that was incident to the observation of drug parts and ulterior obtaining of a warrant was lawful although the severalize was found inside a purse which the defendant had put the drugs in just before the police arrived. Due to the temporality of the placement and proximity of the raise to the Defendant, the defendant was not allowed to prevail on his argument of an unlawful search. The issue of whether the evidence was in plain view to the officers is addressed by the Court in Horton v. California, which found this term to be defined broadly enough to cover the Blake scenario. The issue of a lawful search in a more busybodied scenario was determined to be unlawful because of the close proximity and no probable cause basis in the case of Florida v. Jardines. Finally, the issue of unlawful entry and subsequent violations thereto was addressed in Mapp v. Ohio, wherein the Court imposed the standard granted in the Fourth Amendments right to privacy on the States and their agents, in not allowing evidence that was seized without a warrant and against the will of the occupant of the house where there was no probable cause and a

Management Control & Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Control & Accounting - Essay ExampleThe costing can be improved by taking a disparate approach such as activity-based costing. In activity based costing, activities regarding the factory overhead costs will be classified, and the costs will be disordered down according to the level of activities. In this way, the ca mapping and effect between the overhead items in the factory overhead schedule and the activities will be more(prenominal) established, resulting in a more accurate costing.2. Athena Ltd is an engineering business doing work for its customers to their particular requirements and specifications. It determines the full cost of each job taking a job costing approach, accounting for overheads on a departmental basis. It bases its prices to customers on this full cost figure. The business has two departments a machining department, where each job starts, and a fitting department, which completes all of the jobs. Machining department overheads are charged to jobs on a machine hours basis and those of the fitting department on a betoken labour hour basis. The budgeted information for next year is as followsa) Prepare a statement showing the budgeted overheads for next year, analysed between the two departments. This should be in the form of three columns one for the total figure for each role of overhead and one column each for the two departments, where each type of overhead is analysed between the two departments. Each column should also show the total overhead for the year. Please use the template below.c) Athena Ltd has been asked by a customer to specify the price that it will charge for a particular job that will, if the job goes ahead, be undertaken early next year. The job is expected to use direct material costing Athena Ltd 1200, to need 50 hours of machining time, 10 hours of Machine Department direct labour and 40 hours of Fitting Department direct labour. Athena Ltd charges a profit loading of 20% to the full cost of jobs to d etermine the selling

Marketing Research Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing Research - Coursework Exampleamong others. Therefore, it is essential for the universities to investigate about the perception of students regarding their offerings. In-depth knowledge about the perception and experience of students leave allow universities to bring in necessary changes in the education pattern and syllabus. In this report, the perception of students about the offerings of University of Wolverhampton will be identified. In order to spot the same, this study will undertake both primary as well as secondary research. The secondary research will be done with the care of books, journal articles, newspaper and other authentic electronic sources. On the contrary, the primary research will be carried out with the help of survey process. The research shaft to be used for collecting the data from the respondents will be questionnaire. The reason behind employing questionnaire for the purpose of collection raw data is that it will allow ironed collection of bulk data (Coombs and Hull, 1998 Hesse-Biber, 2011). Moreover, the cost to be incurred and time required for the survey will be comparatively less. Conversely, other research instruments such as observation, case study or focus group interview will non be able to serve the purpose fully as these instruments does not support collection of bulk data and are mostly inclined with qualitative research. Furthermore, these studies will require more cost as a egress of that the most feasible technique is questionnaire survey (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2010). Once the research instrument is selected, the next task is to choose the seek world and sample size. The sample population in this context will be the students of the university. The total sample size will be 100. The sample size has been determined with the help of Raosoft software and considering the gadget range of population which was 134. The confidence level used for selecting the candidates is around 95%. The report will fina lly draw a conclusion based on the result of the questionnaire survey among the students. Marketing Research Report Introduction This report seeks to investigate the perception of students of University of Wolverhampton. The study will be about how the students of the university perceives about the divergent factors of the university. The factors such as their thoughts on the university fee, education quality, quality of faculty etc. In this report, the feedback of the students pertaining to the views, perception and experience of the students will be recorded so as to identify their overall outlook about the university. On the basis of the findings, the study will draw a conclusion and will make some recommendations. consume Sampling is a process by which a subset of the population is chosen (Deming, 1996 J. Gliem and R. Gliem, 2003). It helps researchers to gain an overall perception of the overall population. According to Thompson (2012), sampling consists of selecting some op us of a population to observe so that one may estimate something about the whole population (p. 1). Since, the study aims to get insights into the perception of students about university the sample population for this study will be the stude

FIN MOD 2 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FIN MOD 2 SLP - Essay ExampleHowever, given the pace of economic harvesting and the fears of double dip recession in US, the price increase may non be sustainable. Thus prices may decrease by some percentage, precisely it may not change by great percentage due(p) to fears of double dip recession.The movement in stocks indicates that the stock prices have relatively swung oer the period of last five years. Though it remained in stable zones for some period of time, however, most of the time, it remained volatile given the concomitant that the overall performance of the steadfastly was volatile also due to the financial crisis. However, its recent performance has seen the firms revenue to sky rocket again and its prices also swung upward due to higher performance of the firm.However, given the strong fundamentals of the firm and its strong financial performance and industry dominance, stock may not be just termed as risky. Theoretically, any firm with strong fundamentals and uni que industry position may not be termed as a risky occupancy because of the stability in the earnings. It is, however, also important to note that FedEx may still be considered as going through its growth stage given the fact that means of logistics are continuously changing i.e. e-mails and social networking has now become a norm, and consumers prefer to use free methods of communication. However, in other segments of the business such as parcel delivery and logistics, FedEx still leads the way.Some of the alternative investments that may be available include investing in mutual funds, saving accounts, and so on The normal rates offered by the banks on savings account range of 4.5% to 3.5% depending upon the term of the deposits. However, this return may be good enough to force the investor not to go for equity futures as given the recent performance of the stock, the investor may lose money on the futures as price of the futures may go down. found on

Port Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

manner Management - Essay ExampleThese include increased competition among styles, changes in transport technology and ports, and internal competition for world(a) markets. Over the recent years, lending agencies and governances have come to agree on the view that the participation of the private sector muckle be a justly tool for improving the performance of port assets. Many government officials and port managers believe that privatization is the only way in which the performance of public port organizations can be improved. This view emerges from the believe that some specific characteristics of the private sector are very critical in the achievement of the desired commercial advantage in ports. Currently, many ports have undergone see the lightations with an aim of reducing the role of government in port operations. In this case, the government is supposed to maintain the landlord function only. Port reform too enables a port to obtain financial self-sufficiency and achi eve increase productivity. The aim of this report is to analyze the benefits and burdens of port reform with compliments to existing forms of reform. The main objective of the report is to analyze the benefit offered by each form of port reform. Finally, the paper determines if the benefits of port reform overweigh its burdens. 2.0 Benefits of port reform 2.1 Forms of port reform strategy The overall benefit of port reform is improved operational and organizational performance. This can be achieved through the adoption of an appropriate form of port reform strategy. These forms include commercialization, privatization, corporation, liberalization or deregulation port services and modernization of Port Administration and management. These strategies present different benefits thusly they are normally chosen depending on setting of the specific port. 2.1.1 Commercialization In commercialization, a public port is not changed into a private company. However, the port authorities apply accounting and management principles which are similar to those of private companies. The main benefits that commercialization offers to a port is the attainment of increased accountability and autonomy in terms of decision-making and overall performance. This means that a port is free to adopt the characteristics and practices of private sector and the end results of such step improved capacity and profitability. Commercialization as a reform strategy is characterized by decentralization of the decision-making process. This means the port management does not have to wait for a government dictate each and everything that happens in the port. Instead, they are able to make prompt decisions or change former decisions as dictated by circumstances. Decentralization also encourages specialization which is important in the delivery of quality services or leadership. Gos (1990) states that the involvement of government in port management complicates the hierarchy of its management indee d commercialization as a port reform strategy therefore helps to relax this hierarchy. This enables the port management to exercise more control over, procurement and purchasing, budgeting, hiring and firing, livelihood strategies and

Comment Paper on Death of a Salesman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comment Paper on final stage of a Salesman - testify ExampleMillers own early life was eerily similar to that of what the reader is made aware of Willy Lomans life. For instance, Miller grew up in an upper-middle class neighborhood in New York City the son of Polish Jewish immigrants. Millers own father was a successful man of affairs in a textile mill which eventually employed 400 individuals. This successful lifestyle enabled the family to enjoy the luxuries of having a new car at a time when cars were still a novelty, attending private schools, and enjoying the occasional vacation. However, the good times would not last as the crash of 1929 and the onset of the Great depressive disorder shattered the familys bliss. Millers father, out of work and out of options sold their home and moved to Gravesend, New York. It was during this time that young Arthur Miller was obligate to take a bread route ever morning before school de stand upring bread via his bicycle as a means to keep th e family afloat. Although it is tardily to say that such an experience doubtless had an effect on how Arthur Miller viewed the plight of the average man, this author would go a step further and affirm that the hard times and difficult experiences that young Arthur Miller endured during the great depression and his familys subsequent fall from wealth are autobiographically sketched in his play Death of a Salesman. If one adopts this autobiographical approach to Death of a Salesman, many of the intrinsic lessons and interplay that exists between the family members and Willy Loman help to show the fleeting nature of success and the cold, rude reality of pervasive failure that crushes the spirit of the entire family. As a means of showing this dichotomy, Willy Loman states, Work a lifetime to pay off a house. You finally own it, and theres nobody to live in it (Miller 15). Rather than simply relating to the reader how difficult success is to achieve, Miller works to extend a nuanc ed level of understanding which shows that even if success is achieved what merit does it have in and of itself? The fleeting nature of success as defined by Loman in the above passage profoundly reflects the eventualities that effected Arthur Millers own young life with respect to the brief success enjoyed and then snatched away by the Great Depression. Further, strong elements of the Depression Era mentality peak through at various points of Arthur Millers play. When speaking with his wife Linda, Willy blurts out, Once in my life Id like to own something that isnt broken already (Miller 73). The rage and frustration at being perennially stuck with second best, having to live on the fringes of society, living with inferior products as a result of being poor is seen as a central theme throughout the play. More than however representing poverty and hardship as the life of a salesman, this form of life alteration to deal with the gnawing pangs of poverty shows an author who is all t oo familiar with such an eventuality. Further, due to the aforementioned fact that Miller himself had to take a bread right prior to school every morning shows the extent to which the author had to resign of himself as a means of helping to keep his own family sheltered, clothed, fed, and warm during a similarly trying time. However, more than being allegorical of the plight of the poor, the author

Law Enforcement Today Essay Example for Free

Law Enforcement Today EssayThere ar gayy issues facing that law enforcement like a shot from things such as racial discrimination to probable cause and for the officers who go through this on a daily basis it is has been a long and concentrated fight. In todays law enforcement agencies thither are many local, state and federal agencies that are in contact with the Department of Homeland protective covering.racial discrimination is an issue for law enforcement today because there are characters in which a white officer arrests or shoots someone who is a minority and the minority public sees this to be an act of racial discrimination versus it being that someone who happens to be a minority not abiding by the laws that govern them and totally the citizens around them as wholesome as attempting to cause harm to those around them. For instance I am sure everyone has heard about the Michael Brown case that occurred in August 2014 where a white police officer shot and killed a black teenager in Ferguson, Missouri which has caused a problem in other agencies while their officers are on the road. Another incident that has be serve an issue is the expertty of officers. For instance back on September 12, 2014 when a man who was seeking change shot and killed a Pennsylvania State Trooper while injuring another.Another issue all local, state and federal agencies deal with would be the issue on immigration. The reason immigration is an issue for police agencies is because when you have a person or a group of people that have come to the U.S. illegally they provoke cause problems in society that are unwanted and that cause crime to rocket in a specific area or all over the country. Another issue that the police agencies go through would be cybercrime. Cybercrime is a big issue for police agencies because the job of the police plane section is to protect the citizens and when a child is being bullied to the point the child takes their life or child pornograph y is being exposed on the internet it is a crime because it is causing someone else to become unsafe as well as it being illegal. Cybercrime is also very difficult for law enforcementagencies to deal with because they can be very difficult to catch unless someone points out in plain view the specifics of who, when, where, what, and how it is occurring.Local, state and federal law enforcement agencies interact with Homeland Security in many ways. Some ways that these agencies interact with Homeland Security is by helping to continue in keeping the citizens of the United States of America safe report and by eliminate terrorist attacks or anything that will hinder the lives of the American people in any way in the United States. For instance if a local police agency runs a traffic stop that positively identifies known terrorists than they can bring the terrorists for questioning and to alert the state and federal agencies and the giving medication on information about the terrorists a nd their groups.The way the Department of Homeland Security gets the federal, local and state law enforcement agencies involved is by collecting data, information, tools and resources that each of these agencies are going to need in order help eliminate terrorism in the United States. While trying to get all the agencies involved there are also different things that DHS and the local, state and federal agencies can do in order to improve their relationship. Such things include on how they communicate and office information, enhance federal resources as well as supporting them through grants, training and other means. Lastly, they would be to strengthen its analytic capabilities to achieve better sentiency of new and emerging threats.As one who would like to become a police officer one day I too would like to further access in helping to resolve the issues that the local, state and federal governments are facing today as well as in the future as well as protecting the citizens of the United States. Taking it step by step will help eliminate the threat of terror as well as even the issues of the department and the Standard Operating Procedures they go through.

Dress solution Essay Example for Free

Dress solution EssayAmericas take aims demand been faced with increased challenges over the last several years. Aside from pursuance let on new ways to educate learners and keeping up with changes in technology, cultivate leaders be go about a continued rise in social problems in their directs. Among these problems be incidents of instill violence, gang activity and bullying which create a tension on shallow grounds across the nation that prevents to a greater extent schools from fulfilling their mandate to educate scholars. Sadly, some of the most tragic incidents that occur in schools stem from the type of clothing that is being worn by students. Often thievery and violence squirt be linked to designer clothes and expensive shoes. Sometimes clothing bearing colors and insignias may be used to pick out gang affiliation, thereby promoting fear and intimidation among students. Certain styles of clothing also lend themselves toward easily hiding weapons. Furthermor e, the pressure to be fashionable and progress to the in style(p) clothes can take its toll financially and emotionally on students and pargonnts. These issues be beginning to gain momentum, especially among p bents, in school districts across the country. enate support has become the force behind the increase in school districts adopting student gazump policies. A recent survey in Hoke County, North Carolina showed an average out of 64 percent of parents supported uniforms in the schools. Student raiment also drew the attention of the former death chair Clinton. In a memorandum on school uniforms to the Secretary of Education, he directed the Secretary to develop information about how local school districts have made uniforms part of their school resort and discipline programs. He also requested that information about school uniforms be made available to every school district in the country. in that location are no perfect solutions to the social problems that exist in to days schools. However, schools can and should consider practical steps to create an atmosphere of admiration and attentiveness for their students. Implementing a student raiment insurance policy is one such option. Although little formal research has been prevail upone on the effect these policies have on students, the feedback given by those who have implemented school mark policies indicate these policies are making a difference. This paper will explore the types of school dress policiesschool uniforms and dress work outsand the set up they are having in todays schools. Student Dress as PolicyThe attention given to school dress codes and uniforms has become more and more focused over the last several years. As dialogue increases among parents, students and school officials about what remedies may exist to deal with the problems facing todays schools, student dress policies have moved to the forefront. The issue received nationwide recognition in 1998 when, in his State of the Union carry on, President Clinton recommended school uniforms as a method of reducing school violence. Since that time, there has been a notable increase in the number of schools that have considered and implemented a dress policy for their students.More recently, in his State of the State address, North Carolina Governor Mike Easley recommended school dress codes as a means to address behavior in North Carolinas schools. In his speech Governor Easley asked every school board to enforce a reasonable dress code policy because students come to school to learnnot to party. It appears that leaders on many levels have begun to recognize the strength benefits that school dress policies can have on the school purlieu. Uniforms When implementing a school dress policy, some schools are more directives while others take a more passive approach.School uniforms are certainly the more directive method because they tell students what they must conduct. A school uniform policy requires st udents to wear similar looking outfits to class to each one day. Some schools do tin an opt-out option if the parents agree to it. Others will also make exception for students whose religious beliefs may be hindered by the uniform. The first know public school in the country to adopt a school policy on uniforms was Cherry Hill Elementary in Baltimore, Maryland in 1987. The first major school district to require school uniforms was Californias languish Beach Unified School District in 1994.6 According to the National kernel for Education Statistics (NCES) of the U. S. surgical incision of Education only about three percent of public schools require uniforms to be worn by their students. Nationwide, at least 37 states, including North Carolina, give local school districts the authority to require uniforms if they choose to. The first county in North Carolina to require uniforms was Halifax County. As of the 2000-2001 school year, they are the only school district in the state to r equire uniforms in all their schools.10 The county school uniform regulations require wide-eyed and middle school students to wear certain combinations of khaki bottoms with navy or white shirts (plaid jumpers are allowed for females). High school students must wear a mix of pants and shirts combinations depending on the school they attend. The Halifax uniform policy does ease penalties for financial hardship and exempts students from wearing a uniform if it imposes a substantial burden on a students exercise of religious belief. Though no other school districts require uniforms district-wide, some individual schools within school districts have chosen to require uniforms.For example, in North Carolinas largest school districtCharlotte/ Mecklenburg23 of the 144 schools have chosen to require uniforms even though they are not required to do so. Dress Codes Another less stringent approach to student dress policy is the school dress code. A school dress code instructs students on wha t they cannot wear instead of telling them what to wear (i. e. no hats, no tight fitting clothes, no vulgar or lustful depictions on clothing, etc. ). Dress codes are much more common in North Carolinas schools than uniform policies. Out of the 117 school districts in this state, at least 48 have some form of dress code in ship.One of this states most notable school dress code policies is in Johnston County. Their policy not only prohibits inappropriate clothing such as short shorts and sagging pants, but also prohibits affected hair colors and body piercing jewelry. Students who violate the policy may receive a short term suspension from school for up to 10 days and students who repeatedly violate the policy may be suspended for the remainder of the year. Other counties, such as Cabarrus, have similar policies, but submit the responsibility of developing rules and regulation up to each schools principal.The Effect There has been little scientific study done on the effects of stu dent dress policies. However, there is empirical endorse that continues to mount, especially with the rising number of schools who are considering these options. One survey of schools nationwide conducted by the National connexion of Elementary School Principals (NAESP) revealed that one out of five (21 percent) public, private and parochial school principles had either instigated a uniform policy, were currently writing one, or had it on their agenda for consideration.With so many schools and school districts adopting school dress policies, it is important to understand why so many have chosen to do so. The conclusion for most, if not all, schools that are adopting uniforms and dress codes is to address the issues of discipline and academic achievement. Classroom disruptions are commonplace in todays schools and having methods in place to kindle a better learning environment have never been more important. Furthermore, little debate remains over the dangers and pressures that e xist in schools today.With the increased dis exploits of school violence, many school officials, parents and students have become more determined to find solutions. In determining the effectiveness of school dress policies, there is no more compelling evidence that the feedback from the school principals themselves. Though the majority of public schools do not require uniforms, the feedback is very positive(p) from those who do. According to one survey conducted by the NAESP, principals of schools that have uniform policies in place believe that students stay more disciplined and focused in their studies and feel less peer pressure.According to the study, principals identify the following effects of school uniforms 79 percent believed uniforms positively affected classroom discipline 67 percent saw an improvement in student concentration 62 percent noticed a positive effect on school safety 72 percent saw an increase in school spirit 85 percent noted a better perception of the scho ol by the community and 75 percent indicated a positive effect on peer pressure among students.In North Carolina, the feedback from Halifax County is also positive. Dr. Viola Vaughan, principle at Southeast Halifax High School said that their school uniform policy has done a lot for the students both academically and behaviorally. Discipline issues have decreased tremendously, she said, when children look around at each other, they dont see the name brands and clothing that often divides them. Dr. Vaughan pointed out that even school assemblies are quieter because students act more respectfully.Alan Sledge, assistant principle at Brawley pose School in Halifax County, said that their uniform policy was very effective and places a very valuable role on the academic saddle horse because the kids are more focused on their books over their clothes. Feedback on school dress codes has also been positive. According to Don Woodard, a high school principal in Johnston County, the student s demeanor is better and there are fewer disruptions because of teasing, or students being uncomfortable because of the apparel that others are wearing. He also pointed out that the students have more poise and are more well-behaved when they have the sense of being dressed for the occasion of learning. 22 Commenting on his schools dress code, Shelly Marsh, a middle school principle also from Johnston County, said We have high expectations by having a dress code, students know there are expectations and guidelines that they must adhere to. Students attitudes are different according to their dress. Along with school principals, the U. S.Department of Education has acknowledged the positive effect that school uniforms can have. In their publication Manual on School Uniforms, which was ordered to be sent to every school district in the United States by President Clinton, the Department of Education cited the following potential benefits of school uniforms (1) decreasing violence and t heft (2) preventing gang members from wearing gang clothing at school (3) instilling student discipline (4) admirering to resist peer pressure (5) helping students concentrate on academics and (6) aiding in the recognition of intruders.Safety and Other Benefits Of all the potential benefits of school dress policies, none is more important than improving school safety. With student violence constantly making the headlines, the clamor for solutions continues to grow. Safety in schools today is essential, and creating an environment that reduces incidents of intimidation and violence is necessary for students to learn effectively. Unfortunately, the demand for high priced designer clothing often puts students at risk of theft and violence from other students. vesture that indicates affiliation with gangs is also a problem and can cause intimidation and fear in schools. The National School Safety and Security Services, an organization that consults nationwide on school safety and crisi s preparedness issues, supports school uniforms and dress codes as a way to contribute toward improving the school climate because it can play a significant role in reducing security threats and improving school safety. According to this safety organization, dress codes and uniforms can help reduce potential problems by(1) reducing conflict stemming from socioeconomic status, such as comments and personal attacks about who has better clothing (2) reducing ways in which gang members can identify themselves which, in essence, is a form of intimidation and creates fear (3) reducing the risk of students being robbed of expensive clothing, jewelry, etc. (4) in the case of uniforms, helping school administrators to more easily identify non students, trespassers, and other visitors in the hallways who stand out in the crowd.Notable evidence of the effects of a student dress policy can be seen from the aftermath of Californias Long Beach school district implementing mandatory school unifo rms. Since they began requiring uniforms, crime in the school district has dropped by 91 percent, suspensions have decreased by 90 percent, sex offenses have been reduced by 96 percent and vandalism is down 69 percent. Interestingly, these improvements came about without any other security measures having been implemented at the time uniforms became mandatory.In addition, a study released by the Harvard School of Education found that the Long Beach school district was among six districts in the nations 34 largest cities that dramatically reduced their dropout rates. During the past five years, dropout rates have declined from 11. 2 to 2. 7 percent. The rivet for the Prevention of School Violence, though not endorsing any specific dress code policies, points out that each of the three Ps of school safety place (physical security of the school), people (those in the school) and purpose (mission of the school)can be impacted by school dress policies.This is because dress policies def ine what is appropriate for the school setting while impacting the way in which people relate and interact with one another. The Center acknowledges that though the research on student dress policies is limited, the anecdotal evidence supports the existence of some form of student dress policy. It is important to remember that the solution to school violence does not lie in one hit approachcertainly not in school dress policies alone. Yet, because of the likely benefit of curbing school violence, they should be considered along with other solutions.Student dress policies can also benefit students far beyond keeping them safe. Schools with uniforms say that their students have better self-esteem because without the name brand clothing on display, the students are placed on an equal level. Poorer students do not feel and are not treated as inferior because they dont have tight-laced clothes. This equality also seems to create a sense of school unity. Dr. Viola Vaughan and Allan Sled ge, both principals from Halifax county have witnessed an increase in school unity since uniforms were required. Dr.Arnold Goldstein, head of the Center for Research on Aggression at Syracuse University agrees. He believes that uniforms encourage a sense of belonging because they promote a feeling of community among the students and help make a troubled student feel like part of a supportive whole. These effects contribute to a schools overall sense of order and discipline. As a result, the learning environment improvesmaking it easier for teachers to teach and for students to learn. Student dress policies also reduce the cost of clothing for students.Parents whose children wear uniforms do not have to spend extra money on multiple outfits for their children. Instead, they need only invest in a few outfits that adjust to the schools uniform policy. This is particularly helpful to the low-income parents who often feel the financial burden of providing suitable clothes for their chil dren. USA Today reported that in 1998 parents of students in non-uniform schools spent an average of $185 per child while parents of children in uniform schools spent an average of $104 per child.33 Uniforms also minimize the confusion about what to wear to school each day, relieving students of the chaos of choosing and outfit each day. Dress codes are also helpful for parents when shopping for their children because they provide guidelines for parents when purchasing clothes for their childrenoften reigning out excessive and expensive articles of clothing that conflict with the schools policies and keeping student dress within reasonable boundaries.Student dress policies offer authority figures in the schools the opportunity to display their own dedication and discipline. Some schools with dress policies include (or extend the option to) teachers to participate as well. Certainly, if teachers and administrators exhibit the equal discipline that is required of the students, it wi ll reinforces the guidelines and make students more likely to comply.

Using Computer Forensics to Investigate Employee Data Theft

Using Computer Forensics to Investigate Employee Data TheftIntroductionOver 25 percent of employees steal proprietary info when departing a company or organization.1 To that end, our experience shows that departing employees have a sense of ownership over the data that they copy. Intellectual property commonly stolen includes customer lists, secret formulas, germ code, strategy documents and other trade secrets. The information is often employ against the organization when the former employee goes to work for a competitor or decides to start a bleak company. When suspicions of employee data theft arise, it is important to engage a computer forensics expert to perpetrate a theft of IP abridgment in order to continue electronic data and uncover important recite. Using specialized software, the expert can reveal digital footprints such asUSB activenessFiles recently undeterminedCloud storage usageFiles sent to personal email accountsRecently printed documentsThe results of th e analysis can provide the foundation for legal action such as a temporary restraining order, permanent injunction, subpoena of personal devices, or other judicial proceeding to prevent the misappropriation of company data.When Employee Data Theft Is SuspectedEmployee data theft occurs most frequently just prior to, or immediately after, an individuals termination or resignation from an organization. Telltale signs that an investigation is warranted include unusual bodily function by the employee, such asPlugging a personal USB thumb consider or life-threatening drive into a computerComing into work at odd hours or establishing remote desktop connections during off-hoursTransferring large amounts of data on the company networkVisiting file sharing sites like Dropbox or Google mountSending emails with attachments to personal accountsIf there are concerns that a departing employee has stolen proprietary data, then it is important to replete stairs not to delete important electron ic evidence located on his or her computer. If the computer is powered on, then leave it on, beca mapping important evidence may be stored on the computers random access repositing and could be deleted if the computer is powered off. Also, ensure the computer cannot be accessed remotely by disconnecting it from the network.If the computer is already turned off, then coiffe it in obtain storage. Furthermore, confirm the employees login credentials are dis satisfactoryd or have been changed, but do not let the IT staff reinstall the operating system or reassign the computer to another employee. Such actions could destroy or overwrite any evidence of wrongdoing. Finally, resist the temptation to take a peek at what is stored on the computer by turning it on and accessing files because this could alter the data, thereby making the investigation more complex.If the suspected employee had a company-issued cell phone, then place it in secure storage as well. Smartphones hold an abundanc e of useful information such as text messages, emails, call logs, internet activity and more. The undecomposable act of resetting the phone, however, can permanently destroy this data.IP Theft InvestigationsPreserving and Analyzing Electronic EvidenceThe first step in a theft of IP investigation is to forensically preserve the data on the employees device(s). The computer forensics expert will create chain of custody documentation, photograph the hardware, and verify the integrity of the preserved data, among other things. These steps ensure that the electronic evidence will be admissible in court.Once the data is preserved, the next step in the investigation is to perform an analysis to identify software and artifacts that may be indicative of IP theft. These areas on a typical Windows installation includeUSB activityFiles recently opened or deletedCloud storagePersonal email accountsInternet history reportPrinted documentsUSB Activity AnalysisMany of todays USB devices, such as t humb drives and external hard drives, have enough storage capacity to save an entire copy of a users hard drive. As such, they are one of the most common tools utilise to steal data. The good news is that using a USB device leaves behind a trail of digital evidence that can prove invaluable to an investigation.Analyzing a users USB activity can reveal several key facts regarding what was connected to the computer and when. In most cases, forensic experts can determine the serial subprogram and/or brand of the USB device, as well as the first and last time the device was connected to the computer. In some instances, they may also be able to verify each time a specific USB device was connected.Oftentimes, the analysis will reveal that an external USB hard drive or flash drive was connected for the first time during an employees last hebdomad of employment. While most analyses reveal a new USB connection, it is also possible that a device used throughout the duration of the suspects employment was never returned. A device such as this would likely contain numerous documents and files that were related to the employees day-to-day activities and could contain set to a competitor. If it is a requirement that employees return company-owned USB drives at the end of their employment, forensic experts have the ability to verify whether or not that policy was upheld.Files Recently receptiveWhile confirming that a USB device was connected to a computer is significant, it is even more important to know what files were accessed and potentially transferred to the device. The Microsoft Windows operating system creates conglomerate artifacts when a user opens a file or tract. These artifacts indicate what was opened, when it was opened and where it was opened from. A classic red flag is if the employee was opening files during the last week of employment that were not related to the work being performing during that time.Another consideration is the organizations data acc ess policy. If data access restrictions are not in place, then the employee may be able to access company files unrelated to current work that are stored on the network. The existence of these artifacts when combined with a USB activity timeline can indicate a high probability that data was copied off the system.Lastly, the artifacts can also contain specific information about where the file existed. If a file was opened from a USB drive, the artifact will indicate this, providing factual evidence that the suspect is in possession of a USB drive that contains specific files. For example, combination a USB analysis and files recently opened analysis could show that on October 7, 2016, at 72208 a.m., a non-company-issued SanDisk thumb drive with serial number 851450 was plugged into the computer for the first time and a file titled Client Contact List.xlsx was opened.Cloud StorageIf the analysis shows that certain files were accessed but no USB activity was detected, the next step in the investigation is to identify evidence that a obliterate storage provider such as Dropbox, Google Drive or Microsoft OneDrive was accessed. The purpose of these applications is to share and sync data across multiple computers. For example, Dropbox may have been surreptitiously installed on the employees work computer as well as his or her base computer. Consequently, the simple act of syncing a company file to Dropbox will instantaneously also make that file available on the employees home computer.The good news is that cloud storage applications often have corresponding log files and databases that record what files the user accesses and what activities are performed. These logs can signify files have been uploaded to the cloud in the past even if they have already been deleted from the shared folder. Some of these applications even save deleted data in a separate hidden folder on the computer itself that users typically are not aware of. As a result, a theft of IP analysis m ay show that Dropbox was installed on the users work computer and that early in the morning on October 7, 2016, fifty files were deleted and the hidden folder reveals these were company files.Personal Email AccountsSome individuals may use their company email to send attachments to their personal email account such as Yahoo or Gmail. In these cases, forensic experts are able to perform a preservation of the employees work email to identify and document the evidence of misconduct.Internet History ReportAn Internet history report can be generated that shows, inter alia, recent Internet searches, web sites and pages visited, cookies from websites, and Internet downloads that occurred. Such information is helpful in establishing what an individual thought was important or even their fix of mind. For example, analysts have discovered that individuals have searched on how to delete data or copy data surreptitiously and that they reviewed websites that were in essence how to manuals to pe rform certain mischievous acts.Paper DocumentsFinally, individuals who are a little less aware of more modern techniques to copy data will simply print the documents they wish to take out the door. In these cases, forensic experts are able determine the last known print date of Microsoft Office documents.Deliverables and Project TimeframeThe turnaround time for a theft of IP analysis performed by an analyst is typically one week. Deliverables provided will be easy to understand in the form of spreadsheets, html reports, and pen reports containing the findings of the analysis. A forensic expert should also spend time with the client either over the phone or in person to discuss the reports in detail so that they know exactly what a report contains and the assumptions and opinions of the forensic expert. If necessary, an expert will also provide depositions or expert witness deposition regarding the authenticity of the evidence and their findings.AuthorsTimothy M. Opsitnick, Presid ent, JURINNOV, LLC, Joseph M. Anguilano, Director of Operations, and Trevor B. Tucker, Forensic Analyst. JURINNOV, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Technology Concepts Design, Inc. (TCDI), is a technology company that provides cybersecurity and eDiscovery services. Cybersecurity consulting includes investigating accidental or venomed data breaches as well as providing security strategies and assessments to prevent such occurrences. eDiscovery consulting includes computer forensic investigations and ASP ESI hosting. JurInnov news and information is available at www.jurinnov.com.For over 25 years, TCDI has been providing technology solutions through partnerships with large corporations and law firms. These solutions include advanced litigation support software and services for electronic discovery, hosted review and production, and large-scale litigation case file management. TCDI news and information is available at www.tcdi.com.1 Biscom, Employee Departure Creates Gaping Security Hole Says New Data, December 23, 2015 https//www.biscom.com/employee-departure-creates-gaping-security-hole-says-new-data/.